パキスタンの鉱物および鉱物資源

High-grade industrial minerals including white barite, cosmetic talc, and gypsum

工業・非金属鉱物

10 件の証拠記録カテゴリー名簿

グループ02 • 非金属および工業用材料

産業用鉱物

API掘削用重晶石、高白色度タルク、石膏、マグネサイト、蛍石、燐鉱石、珪砂、および特殊粘土。

主要鉱種：

重晶石（掘削/化学用）タルク / 滑石石膏マグネサイト蛍石

軸部褶曲帯、ソルトレンジおよび小ヒマラヤ変成帯

Polished dimension stones, onyx, and pink rock salt crystals from Pakistan

岩塩・寸法石材

7 件の証拠記録カテゴリー名簿

グループ03 • 蒸発岩、大理石および骨材

岩塩、石材および建材

ソルトレンジの古代岩塩層、高級建築大理石、チャガイ産縞オニキス、花崗岩、および高規格骨材。

主要鉱種：

岩塩（ピンク/ホワイト）大理石・オニキス花崗岩土木用骨材

ソルトレンジ蒸発岩および広域変成石材区

Gemstone crystals on natural matrix including Swat emerald and Shigar aquamarine

宝石・鉱物標本

7 件の証拠記録カテゴリー名簿

グループ04 • 結晶および宝石鉱物標本

宝石および鉱物標本

高名なスワット産エメラルド、ギルギット産アクアマリン、カトラン産インペリアルピンクトパーズ、ペリドットなど、産地検証済みの標本。

主要鉱種：

スワット・エメラルドアクアマリンピンクトパーズルビー / サファイア希少鉱物標本

インダス縫合帯およびカラコルム・ヒマラヤ・ペグマタイト田

証拠基準ガイド

鉱物エビデンスコードの理解

Enigma Earth はすべての鉱物産状を明確な証拠コードに基づいて分類します。歴史的採掘や単体の結晶標本が活発な商業生産と混同されることはありません。

コード	公認定義ラベル	地質学的証拠の意味	商業主張の適格基準
[P]	公的報告生産証拠	州鉱山総局または大手事業者による検証済みの公的生産報告が存在する鉱種。	商業的稼働（ロット毎の品位分析必須）
[H]	歴史的採掘作業証拠	過去に採掘が行われた実績のある鉱床。現在の採掘には鉱区権と再開の確認が必要。	歴史的鉱山 / 操業休止中
[S]	回収宝石・鉱物標本	手作業で採取された結晶標本またはポケット宝石。工業的大口生産能力を示すものではありません。	伝統的採取 / 単品標本限定
[A]	随伴鉱物 / 研究用試料	主要鉱石やペグマタイトに伴って産出する副次鉱物。学術研究または博物館収蔵価値。	非大口 / 学術・標本用
[O]	探鉱ターゲット / 鉱徴地	地表露頭、地球化学異常、またはボーリング調査を必要とする探査ライセンス対象地域。	探鉱ターゲット（在庫なし）

Enigma Earth ガバナンスおよび業務主張の境界

地質学的鉱徴地や歴史的採掘鉱山は、確定した商業鉱量や即納在庫を意味するものではありません。当社のガバナンス規則に従い、すべての商業案件には第三者分析認証（SGS、Alex Stewart 等）および法定鉱区権原の確認が必須です。

規則22：鉱徴地の存在 ≠ 商業生産•規則24：希少標本 ≠ 大口供給能力•規則27：証拠に基づく主張の厳守

名簿を検索

検証済み鉱物ディレクトリの閲覧

カテゴリー、地域、および証拠ステータス別に鉱物記録を検索できます。ディレクトリへの掲載は即納在庫を保証するものではありません。

表示中： 32 全 32 件の証拠審査済み記録

Metallic MineralsCopper Ore & Concentrates

[P]Official Production Evidence

Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2), Bornite (Cu5FeS4), Malachite (Cu2CO3(OH)2)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Balochistan: Chagai Magmatic Arc (Saindak, Reko Diq belt)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: North Waziristan (Boye, Shinkai copper-bearing volcanics)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Copper Content (Cu))

20.0% to 28.0% Cu in flotation concentrates; run-of-mine direct-shipping ore (DSO) 1.5% - 4.0% Cu where available

Commercial export of copper concentrates requires official clearance and title tracing. Commercial viability requires independent third-party assay (e.g. ALS, SGS, Alfred H Knight). Occurrence does not equal extraction or commercial grade. Major porphyry reserves (such as Reko Diq) are held under state-authorized consortium agreements and are not available for private trade.

商業調達対象

Metallic MineralsChromite Ore (Metallurgical & Refractory)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Chromite ((Fe,Mg)Cr2O4)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Balochistan: Muslim Bagh, Khanozai, Bela, and Zhob ophiolite complexes

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Dargai (Malakand) and Kohistan ophiolitic sequences

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Chromium Oxide (Cr2O3) & Cr:Fe Ratio)

Typical Buyer Target (Metallurgical): 46.0% - 52.0% Cr2O3 (Cr:Fe typically 2.6:1 to 3.0:1); Medium/Refractory Grade: 38.0% - 44.0% Cr2O3 (Cr:Fe 2.2:1 - 2.6:1). Grade, Cr:Fe ratio, and low silica/phosphorus must be verified per lot.

Chromite metallurgical quality depends on Cr2O3 content, Cr:Fe ratio (typically 2.6:1 to 3.0:1 for metallurgical grade), and low silica/phosphorus, which must be verified per lot. Commercial viability requires independent third-party assay (e.g. ALS, SGS, Alfred H Knight). Occurrence does not equal extraction or commercial grade.

商業調達対象

Metallic MineralsIron Ore (Magnetite & Sedimentary)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Magnetite (Fe3O4), Hematite (Fe2O3), Chamosite-Goethite (Oolitic)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Balochistan: Chagai & Ras Koh (Pachinkoh, Chigendik skarn deposits); Dilband (sedimentary)

Punjab: Salt Range & Chichali / Kalabagh (oolitic sedimentary deposits)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Chitral (Dammer Nissar magnetite); Abbottabad (Langrial oolitic)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Total Iron (Fe))

Chagai Skarn Magnetite: 56.0% - 62.0% Fe; Sedimentary Oolitic: 32.0% - 42.0% Fe (requires beneficiation)

Sedimentary deposits in Punjab and Dilband host substantial indicated tonnage but possess refractory metallogeny (high phosphorus and silica). They cannot be marketed as direct-charge blast furnace ore without dedicated beneficiation flowsheets.

商業調達対象

Metallic MineralsLead Ore & Galena Concentrates

[H]Historical Extraction Evidence

Galena (PbS), Cerussite (PbCO3), Anglesite (PbSO4)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Balochistan: Lasbela-Khuzdar Metallogenic Belt (Duddar, Gunga, Surmai)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Besham, Kohistan, and Chitral sulfide occurrences

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Lead (Pb) & Silver (Ag) Assay)

Flotation concentrate: 55.0% - 68.0% Pb; Direct-shipping ore (DSO): 35.0% - 48.0% Pb where available

Historical extraction at Duddar underground mine is held under specific corporate concessions. Sourcing requires official title tracing, concession documentation, and third-party laboratory verification. Occurrence does not equal extraction or commercial grade.

分析・許認可の確認要

Metallic MineralsZinc Ore & Sphalerite Concentrates

[H]Historical Extraction Evidence

Sphalerite ((Zn,Fe)S), Smithsonite (ZnCO3), Hemimorphite

確認済み成鉱帯：

Balochistan: Lasbela-Khuzdar Belt (Duddar, Gunga, Surmai, Sekran)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Swat, Hazara, and Chitral polymetallic occurrences

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Zinc (Zn) & Iron (Fe) Content)

Flotation concentrate: 48.0% - 55.0% Zn; Crude ore / DSO: 25.0% - 38.0% Zn

Zinc deposits in the Lasbela-Khuzdar belt are subject to lease concession verifications and environmental compliance. No direct private spot supply is available without concession validation.

分析・許認可の確認要

Metallic MineralsManganese Ore

[P]Official Production Evidence

Pyrolusite (MnO2), Psilomelane, Rhodochrosite (MnCO3)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Balochistan: Lasbela (Bela Ophiolite Belt, Kharari Nai, Sanjro)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Kurram Agency and North Waziristan volcanic sequences

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Manganese (Mn) Content)

Metallurgical Grade: 38.0% - 46.0% Mn; Chemical/Battery Grade: > 48.0% Mn (high Mn:Fe ratio)

Manganese lenses in Bela and Kurram vary abruptly in thickness and grade. Shipments must be tested composite-lot by composite-lot rather than assumed homogeneous.

商業調達対象

Metallic MineralsAntimony (Stibnite)

[O]Exploration / Occurrence Context

Stibnite (Sb2S3)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Balochistan: Qila Abdullah (Surkhab valley, Shekran)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Chitral (Krang, Partsan hydrothermal vein belts)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Antimony (Sb) Content)

Hand-sorted crude ore: 45.0% - 58.0% Sb; Flotation concentrate: > 60.0% Sb

Exploration status only. No active commercial bulk production capacity currently operates. Field reports represent artisanal vein diggings and mineralized outcrops requiring systemic diamond drilling.

分析・許認可の確認要

Metallic MineralsBauxite & Laterite (Alumina / Cement Feed)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Gibbsite (Al(OH)3), Boehmite (AlO(OH)), Kaolinite, Hematite

確認済み成鉱帯：

Punjab: Salt Range (Khushab, Kattha, Nilawahan unconformity horizon)

Azad Jammu & Kashmir: Kotli & Muzaffarabad (Palaeocene-Eocene unconformity zones)

Balochistan: Khuzdar and Ziarat (lateritic horizons)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Alumina (Al2O3) and Silica (SiO2))

Refractory Grade: Al2O3 52.0% - 62.0%; Cement Grade: Al2O3 40.0% - 50.0%

Pakistani bauxites are predominantly diaspore-boehmite rich with elevated silica (kaolinite). They do not qualify for conventional low-temperature Bayer process alumina refining without intensive pre-desilication.

商業調達対象

Industrial MineralsBarite (Barytes / BaSO4)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Barium Sulfate (BaSO4)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Balochistan: Khuzdar (Gunga, Shekran, Monar Talar massive vein and bedded deposits)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Haripur and Kohistan hydrothermal vein systems

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Specific Gravity (SG) & BaSO4 Content)

Example Buyer Specification: Drilling Mud Grade typically requires Specific Gravity >= 4.20 g/cm3 (API 13A Section 7) or >= 4.10 g/cm3 (API Section 8); Chemical Grade: BaSO4 >= 95.0%. Lot-specific testing required.

Where an oilfield application requires an API specification (such as 4.20 or 4.10 g/cm3 specific gravity), the applicable parameters should be confirmed and demonstrated through suitable lot-specific testing. Khuzdar deposits maintain established commercial production with automated grinding mills; specific gravity and rheology must be verified per lot.

商業調達対象

Industrial MineralsTalc / Soapstone (Steatite)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Hydrated Magnesium Silicate (Mg3Si4O10(OH)2)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Sherwan (Abbottabad), Safed Koh / Kurram, and Swat dolomitic belts

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Whiteness / Brightness (Y-Value) & Chemistry + Mineralogy)

Example Buyer Requirement (Cosmetic/Polymer): ISO Brightness >= 94.0%, Talc purity >= 96.0%; Technical Grade: Brightness 85.0% - 92.0%. Chemistry and mineralogy must be verified by lot.

Asbestos Testing Where Required: For applications where asbestos absence is required, representative material should be tested using an appropriate method and laboratory (e.g., XRD / TEM). Sherwan talc achieves high natural whiteness, but cosmetic and polymer suitability must be verified on a lot-by-lot basis.

商業調達対象

Industrial MineralsGypsum & Anhydrite

[P]Official Production Evidence

Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Punjab: Salt Range (Khewra, Dandot, Daud Khel, Mianwali)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Kohat Plateau (Bahadur Khel, Karak bedded sequences)

Balochistan: Sulaiman Range (Barkhan, Kohlu, Spintangi formations)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (CaSO4·2H2O Purity)

High Grade Plaster/Industrial: >= 90.0% CaSO4·2H2O; Cement Grade: >= 80.0% - 85.0% CaSO4·2H2O

Gypsum reserves in Punjab and KP are massive and commercially active. The primary commercial variables are logistics distance, purity consistency, and chloride content.

商業調達対象

Industrial Minerals

Magnesite (Raw & Calcined)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Magnesium Carbonate (MgCO3)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Kumhar (Abbottabad district, Hazara crystalline magnesite deposit)

Balochistan: Muslim Bagh and Bela ophiolites (cryptocrystalline vein magnesite)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Magnesium Oxide (MgO) Equivalent)

Raw Magnesite: MgO >= 45.0% (LOI ~50%); Dead-Burned Magnesite: MgO >= 90.0% - 94.0%

Kumhar is Pakistan's principal documented crystalline deposit with historical geological reserve estimates. Processing into dead-burned magnesite requires high-temperature rotary kilns (>1750°C), which dictates local beneficiation capacity.

商業調達対象

Industrial MineralsFluorite (Fluorspar)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Balochistan: Koh-i-Maran and Koh-i-Siah (Kalat district); Kharan and Chagai vein deposits

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Calcium Fluoride (CaF2))

Metallurgical Grade (Metspar): 70.0% - 85.0% CaF2; Acid Grade (Acidspar): >= 97.0% CaF2

Koh-i-Maran produces high-grade commercial metspar by manual sorting; production of acid-grade (>97% CaF2) requires froth flotation plants capable of separating calcite and silica gangue.

商業調達対象

Industrial Minerals

Phosphate Rock (Phosphorite)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Fluorapatite / Francolite (Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH))

確認済み成鉱帯：

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Hazara Phosphate Belt (Kakul, Lagarban, Dalola, Tarnawai)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Phosphorus Pentoxide (P2O5))

Direct Run-of-Mine: 24.0% - 28.0% P2O5; Beneficiated Concentrate: 30.0% - 32.0% P2O5

Hazara phosphorites are silicious and dolomitic; commercial utilization in wet-process phosphoric acid requires careful blending or flotation beneficiation to keep MER within plant design tolerances.

商業調達対象

Industrial MineralsSilica Sand (Industrial Quartz Sand)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Punjab: Salt Range (Datta Formation sandstone: Kalabagh, Makarwal, Mianwali)

Sindh: Tharparkar and Dadu (unconsolidated silica sand dunes and Eocene beds)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Dera Ismail Khan (Pezu) and Mansehra hydrothermal quartz veins

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Silica (SiO2) & Iron Oxide (Fe2O3))

Float/Flint Glass Grade: SiO2 >= 99.2%, Fe2O3 <= 0.025%; Container Glass: SiO2 >= 98.5%, Fe2O3 <= 0.08%

Mianwali and Pezu silica sands provide established commercial production for domestic container glass; production of optical or solar cover glass requires high-intensity magnetic separation and acid washing.

商業調達対象

Industrial MineralsDolomite (Refractory, Glass & Metallurgical Flux)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Calcium Magnesium Carbonate (CaMg(CO3)2)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Punjab: Salt Range (Paikhel, Dandot, Nilawahan, Mianwali)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Nowshera, Abbottabad, and Haripur dolomitic formations

Balochistan: Kalat and Lasbela Jurassic carbonate belts

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Magnesium Oxide (MgO) & Calcium Oxide (CaO))

Refractory / Glass Grade: MgO >= 20.0% - 21.5%, CaO 30.0% - 31.5% (Theoretical pure: 21.8% MgO, 30.4% CaO)

High-purity refractory and glassmaker grades require low iron (Fe2O3 < 0.15%) and minimal acid-insoluble silica. Dolomitic limestone blends must be distinguished by precise XRF stoichiometry from true stoichiometric dolomite.

商業調達対象

Industrial MineralsBentonite (Sodium-Activated & Calcium Montmorillonite)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Montmorillonite / Smectite ((Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Punjab: Jhelum (Dina, Rohtas volcanogenic ash beds in Siwalik Group)

Azad Jammu & Kashmir: Mirpur and Bhimber (Siwalik bentonite horizons)

Sindh: Tharparkar (Nagar Parkar kaolin) and Khairpur / D.G. Khan (Fuller's earth)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Swelling Index, Viscosity & Montmorillonite Purity)

API Drilling Grade: Suspension properties meeting API 13A (viscometer 600 rpm >= 30, filtrate volume <= 16.0 cm3); Swelling index >= 24 ml/2g

Most natural Pakistani bentonites are calcium-dominated smectites. Achieving API drilling specifications requires sodium activation (soda ash addition during pugging and aging).

商業調達対象

Industrial MineralsKaolin (China Clay)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Sindh: Nagar Parkar (residual deposits on Proterozoic granitic basement)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Shah Dheri (Swat district, hydrothermal alteration of feldspathic rocks)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Al2O3 Content & ISO Brightness)

Ceramic Grade: Al2O3 >= 34.0% - 37.0%, ISO Brightness >= 80.0%; Paper Coating Grade: Brightness >= 86.0%

Nagar Parkar kaolin requires wet beneficiation (hydrocyclone separation, magnetic separation, and bleaching) to remove silica quartz grit and iron staining before reaching paper-coating standards.

商業調達対象

Salt, Stone & Construction MaterialsRock Salt (Himalayan Pink & White Halite)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Punjab: Salt Range (Khewra, Warcha, Kalabagh, Jatta, Bahadur Khel)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Sodium Chloride (NaCl) & Purity Certification)

Example Buyer Specification: Edible Gourmet Grade typically requires NaCl >= 98.5% - 99.2%; Industrial/De-icing Grade: NaCl >= 95.0% - 97.0%. Purity typically ranges 96–99% NaCl depending on seam and processing; individual lots must be tested for purity, moisture and insolubles.

Export of pink salt from Pakistan is governed by official GI (Geographical Indication) regulations. Rock salt purity typically ranges 96–99% NaCl depending on seam and processing; individual lots must be tested for purity, moisture and insolubles. Claims of health remedies or electromagnetic radiation neutralization are unscientific and strictly avoided.

商業調達対象

Salt, Stone & Construction MaterialsMarble (Architectural Dimension Stone)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Calcite / Dolomite (CaCO3 / CaMg(CO3)2)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Mohmand (White Marble), Nowshera (Pink/Ziarat Marble), Buner, Mardan

Balochistan: Lasbela, Khuzdar, Loralai, Ziarat

Azad Jammu & Kashmir: Muzaffarabad crystalline marble belt

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Compressive Strength, Water Absorption & Surface Finish)

Compressive Strength >= 75 - 120 MPa (ASTM C170); Modulus of Rupture >= 8.0 - 15.0 MPa (ASTM C99)

Modern diamond wire-saw extraction reduces micro-fracturing in dimension stone blocks compared to traditional blasting. Consignments require physical inspection and test validation.

商業調達対象

Salt, Stone & Construction MaterialsOnyx (Banded Aragonite & Travertine)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Banded Aragonite / Calcite (CaCO3)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Balochistan: Chagai District (Mashki Chah, Zeh, Padag, Taftan)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Color Grading, Translucency & Soundness)

Dark Green, Medium Green, Light Green, Multi-Green, White Onyx; high optical translucency under backlighting

A trade or market name does not automatically prove geological origin. Translucency and green color saturation vary naturally across short quarry distances.

商業調達対象

Salt, Stone & Construction Materials

Granite (Structural & Architectural)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Quartz-Feldspar-Biotite Plutonic Rock

確認済み成鉱帯：

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Mansehra (Himalayan Granites), Swat, Buner plutons

Sindh: Nagar Parkar (Proterozoic basement granite suite — subject to environmental restrictions)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Compressive Strength & Abrasion Resistance)

Compressive Strength >= 130 - 180 MPa (ASTM C170); Flexural Strength >= 10.0 - 18.0 MPa (ASTM C880)

Environmental Safeguard: Nagar Parkar's Karunjhar Hills are subject to judicial and governmental quarrying prohibitions due to wildlife sanctuary and religious heritage protections. Enigma Earth does not source or trade granite originating from prohibited Karunjhar preservation zones.

商業調達対象

Salt, Stone & Construction MaterialsLimestone (Industrial, Cement & Aggregate)

[P]Official Production Evidence

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Punjab: Salt Range & Margalla Hills (Margalla Hill, Samana Suk, Sakesar formations)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Nowshera, Hattar, Kohat, and Nizampur quarry belts

Sindh: Thatta, Jamshoro, and Rohri Eocene marine limestone formations

Balochistan: Lasbela, Bolan, and Quetta Jurassic to Eocene carbonate platforms

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) & Magnesium Oxide (MgO))

Industrial / Chemical Grade: CaCO3 >= 95.0% - 98.0%; Cement Raw Meal: CaCO3 >= 80.0% - 88.0% (CaO >= 45.0% - 50.0%)

Limestone deposits in Pakistan are vast and commercially active nationwide. Material suitability depends strictly on the application: cement clinkers require stringent MgO limits (< 3.0%), industrial lime requires high CaCO3 (> 95%), and concrete aggregates demand low LA abrasion and zero alkali-silica reactivity (ASR).

商業調達対象

Salt, Stone & Construction Materials

Construction Aggregates, Sand & Gravel

[P]Official Production Evidence

Crushed Limestone, Quartzite, River Gravel & Sand

確認済み成鉱帯：

Punjab: Margalla Hills (crushed limestone), Salt Range quarries, Chenab river sand

Sindh: Hub and Jamshoro gravel pits, Rohri crushed limestone

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Nowshera, Hattar, and Nizampur crushing complexes

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Los Angeles Abrasion & Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV))

Los Angeles Abrasion Loss <= 25.0% - 30.0% (ASTM C131); ACV <= 22.0%; Soundness Loss (Na2SO4) <= 12.0%

Aggregate supply is strictly localized by logistics economics. Long-distance transport is economically viable only for specialized railway ballast or high-specification offshore engineering projects.

商業調達対象

Salt, Stone & Construction Materials

Lake & Solar Marine Salt

[P]Official Production Evidence

Sodium Chloride (NaCl) & Brine Evaporite

確認済み成鉱帯：

Sindh: Coastal salt pans (Korangi, Port Qasim, Siranda Lake, Tharparkar playas)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (NaCl Purity (Dry Basis))

Industrial Tanning Grade: NaCl >= 96.0% - 97.5%; Raw Solar Crystals: NaCl >= 94.0%

Marine solar salt is subject to seasonal weather variations. Monsoon rainfall halts solar crystallizer beds between July and September.

商業調達対象

Gemstones & Mineral SpecimensSwat Emerald (Beryl: Be3Al2Si6O18:Cr)

[S]Recovered Gemstone / Specimen

Beryl colored by Chromium and Vanadium

確認済み成鉱帯：

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Swat Valley (Mingora, Shamozai, Gujjar Killi, Charbagh ophiolite suture)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Color Saturation, Clarity & Treatment Verification)

Intense vivid green ('Swat Green') with high chromium luminescence; untreated (no oil / minor cedarwood oil only)

Mining in the Mingora emerald belt is strictly managed by provincial concession authorities and authorized auctions. Unauthorized private claims or guaranteed parcel yields are fraudulent.

商業調達対象

Gemstones & Mineral SpecimensAquamarine & Heliodor (Pegmatitic Beryl)

[S]Recovered Gemstone / Specimen

Beryl colored by divalent/trivalent Iron (Fe2+/Fe3+)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Gilgit-Baltistan: Shigar Valley (Dassu, Nyet, Bulechi), Haramosh, Shengus, Nagar

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Chitral (Lutkho, Garam Chashma pegmatites)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Crystal Termination, Luster & Transparency)

Eye-clean to loupe-clean transparency; natural undamaged hexagonal pinacoid or pyramidal terminations

Pegmatitic pocket mining is highly seasonal (May to October due to high-altitude Himalayan winter freezes) and intrinsically unpredictable. Stock varies continuously based on recent artisanal pocket strikes.

商業調達対象

Gemstones & Mineral SpecimensTopaz (Katlang Imperial Pink & Northern Sherry)

[S]Recovered Gemstone / Specimen

Al2SiO4(F,OH)2

確認済み成鉱帯：

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Katlang (Mardan district — rare hydrothermal natural pink topaz in calcite)

Gilgit-Baltistan: Dassu and Shigar (golden/sherry pegmatitic topaz), Shengus

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Natural Color Origin (Untreated) & Clarity)

Untreated natural pink / violet-pink (chromium-activated, non-irradiated); VS to VVS clarity

Katlang natural pink topaz is one of the rarest gem varieties on earth. Total annual recovery is minimal and artisanal. Any claims of large bulk commercial stock are false.

商業調達対象

Gemstones & Mineral SpecimensRuby (Neelum Valley & Hunza Corundum)

[S]Recovered Gemstone / Specimen

Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3:Cr / Al2O3:Fe,Ti)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Azad Jammu & Kashmir: Neelum Valley (Nangimali, Chitta Katha marble belt)

Gilgit-Baltistan: Hunza Valley (Aliabad, Ganesh marble-hosted ruby and sapphire)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Natural Color, Origin Verification & Treatment Status)

Naturally unheated (no thermal alteration, no lead-glass or flux filling)

Zero Commercial Active Production Disclaimer: Neelum Valley ruby operations are currently non-industrial with no active corporate mine concessions yielding continuous commercial supply. Claims of guaranteed continuous supply are prohibited.

分析・許認可の確認要

Gemstones & Mineral Specimens

Peridot (Gem Olivine / Forsterite)

[S]Recovered Gemstone / Specimen

Magnesium Iron Silicate ((Mg,Fe)2SiO4)

確認済み成鉱帯：

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Kohistan (Spapat, Sapat Gali, Upper Jijal ultramafic complex)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Size, Color Uniformity & Cleanliness)

Rich vibrant green with moderate iron saturation (Fo88-Fo92); eye-clean clarity

Sapat peridot deposits are located at extreme high altitudes (>4,200 m) with extraction limited strictly to 2 - 3 summer months by local artisanal miners.

商業調達対象

Gemstones & Mineral Specimens

Tourmaline, Garnet & Spinel Group

[S]Recovered Gemstone / Specimen

Complex Borosilicates, Orthosilicates & Oxides

確認済み成鉱帯：

Gilgit-Baltistan: Stak Nala, Haramosh, Hunza (spinel), and Shigar (spessartine garnet)

Balochistan: Muslim Bagh (rare green demantoid garnet in serpentinite)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Hue Saturation, Brilliance & Crystal Perfection)

Natural unheated gems; undamaged pyramidal or rhombohedral terminations on crystal specimens

Specimen recovery is artisanal and episodic. Enigma Earth qualifies individual parcels on hand; claims of industrial-scale recurring supply are technically unfounded.

商業調達対象

Gemstones & Mineral Specimens

Specialist Mineral Specimens (Rare Pegmatites)

[A]Associated / Research Occurrence

Pollucite, Columbite-Tantalite, Cassiterite, Beryllonite, Väyrynenite, Brookite

確認済み成鉱帯：

Gilgit-Baltistan: Shengus, Shigar, Nyet, Roundu rare-element pegmatite fields

Balochistan: Kharan and Ziarat (brookite on quartz crystal specimens)

バイヤー向け参考指標 (Crystallographic Perfection, Scarcity & Aesthetic Presentation)

Complete, pristine crystal morphology on original host rock matrix; zero repair or glue reconstruction (or fully disclosed conservation)

CRITICAL GOVERNANCE NOTICE: Rare minerals such as pollucite (cesium ore) or columbite-tantalite recovered in Northern Pakistan occur as localized pegmatite crystals and specimen samples. They do NOT constitute commercial mining production of critical battery or tech metals in Pakistan.

分析・許認可の確認要